.preload * {
    transition: none;
}

@font-face {
    font-family: "Newsreader";
    font-style: normal;
    font-weight: 200 800;
    font-display: block;
    src: url("/fonts/Newsreader.woff2") format("woff2");
}

@font-face {
    font-family: "Newsreader";
    font-style: italic;
    font-weight: 200 800;
    font-display: block;
    src: url("/fonts/Newsreader-italic.woff2") format("woff2");
}

:root {
    --radius: 8px;
    --bg-color: #e1e2e7;
    --text-color: #403e41;
    --border-color: #e6e4dd;
    --accent-color: orange;
    --footnote-bg-color: rgba(18, 15, 15, 0.08);
    --footnote-hover-bg-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
    --tooltip-bg-color: #f9f9f9;
    --tooltip-text-color: #333;
    --tooltip-shadow-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
    --highlight-color: rgba(137, 137, 222, 0.3);
    --font-size-base: 20px;
    --content-max-width: 620px;
    --content-padding: 0 20px;
    --focus-color: #0066cc;
    --subscribe-form-bg: transparent;
    --subscribe-form-text: #403e41;
    --subscribe-button-bg: #403e41;
    --subscribe-button-text: #e1e2e7;
    --invert-percentage: 0%;
    --code-bg: rgb(223, 223, 223);
    --hljs-bg: rgb(28, 29, 33);
}

body,
.toc-container {
    transition:
        background-color 0.2s,
        color 0.2s;
}

html {
    visibility: hidden;
}

html.js-loaded {
    visibility: visible;
}

header h1 a {
    display: block;
    width: 140px;
    font-family: Newsreader, serif;
}

/* Dark Mode Variables */
.dark-mode {
    --bg-color: #403e41;
    --text-color: #e1e2e7;
    --border-color: #444;
    --footnote-bg-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15);
    --footnote-hover-bg-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.4);
    --tooltip-bg-color: #2a2a2a;
    --tooltip-text-color: #f0f0f0;
    --tooltip-shadow-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15);
    --subscribe-form-bg: transparent;
    --subscribe-form-text: #e1e2e7;
    --subscribe-button-bg: #e1e2e7;
    --subscribe-button-text: #403e41;
    --invert-percentage: 100%;
    --code-bg: rgb(55, 56, 62);
    --hljs-bg: rgb(46, 46, 51);
}
/* Dark Mode Init - No Animation */
.dark-mode-init .toggle-slider {
    transition: none !important;
}

.img-container {
    max-width: var(--content-max-width);
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
    padding: var(--content-padding);
    flex: auto;
    justify-content: "center";
    align-items: "center";
    padding-top: 2em;
}

.home-img {
    height: 20vh;
}

.image-wrapper {
    position: relative;
    display: inline-block;
}

.speech-bubble {
    position: absolute;
    top: -10px;
    right: -60px;
    background-color: var(--bg-color);
    color: var(--text-color);
    padding: 8px 12px;
    border-radius: 12px;
    border: 2px solid var(--border-color);
    font-size: 14px;
    font-weight: 500;
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(10px) scale(0.8);
    transition:
        opacity 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1),
        transform 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
    pointer-events: none;
    white-space: nowrap;
    z-index: 10;
}

.speech-bubble::before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    left: -8px;
    top: 50%;
    transform: translateY(-10%);
    width: 0;
    height: 0;
    border-top: 8px solid transparent;
    border-bottom: 8px solid transparent;
    border-right: 8px solid var(--border-color);
}

.speech-bubble::after {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    left: -6px;
    top: 50%;
    transform: translateY(-10%);
    width: 0;
    height: 0;
    border-top: 7px solid transparent;
    border-bottom: 7px solid transparent;
    border-right: 7px solid var(--bg-color);
}

.image-wrapper:hover .speech-bubble {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0) scale(1);
}

/* Hover effects for profession words */
.profession-hover {
    padding: 2px 4px;
    border-radius: 4px;
    transition: background-color 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
    cursor: pointer;
}

.profession-technologist:hover {
    background-color: rgba(106, 90, 205, 0.15);
}

.profession-engineer:hover {
    background-color: rgba(50, 205, 50, 0.15);
}

.profession-musician:hover {
    background-color: rgba(255, 140, 0, 0.15);
}

.dark-mode .profession-technologist:hover {
    background-color: rgba(147, 112, 219, 0.25);
}

.dark-mode .profession-engineer:hover {
    background-color: rgba(60, 179, 113, 0.25);
}

.dark-mode .profession-musician:hover {
    background-color: rgba(255, 165, 0, 0.25);
}

.dark-mode .logo {
    filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg);
}

/* Container for drawings, add a class or use a selector you prefer */
.drawing-img {
    max-width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    transition: filter 0.3s ease;
    /* Optional styling */
    box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    border-radius: 4px;
}

.dark-mode .drawing-img {
    /* Invert colours for images with white backgrounds or outlines */
    filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg);
    /* Adjust brightness/saturation if needed */
    /* filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg) brightness(1.1) saturate(1.2); */
}

/* Dark mode styles using prefers-color-scheme */
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
    .drawing-img {
        /* Invert colours for images with white backgrounds or outlines */
        filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg);
        /* Adjust brightness/saturation if needed */
        /* filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg) brightness(1.1) saturate(1.2); */
    }
}

.dark-mode-init .toggle-input:checked + .toggle-label .toggle-slider {
    transform: translateX(20px);
}

.animations-enabled .toggle-slider {
    transition: transform 0.2s ease;
}

.dark-mode .toggle-input:checked + .toggle-label {
    background-color: var(--text-color);
}

.dark-mode .toggle-input:checked + .toggle-label .toggle-slider {
    transform: translateX(20px);
    background-color: var(--bg-color);
}

/* Global Styles */
html,
body {
    overflow-x: hidden;
}

body {
    font-family: "Newsreader", serif;
    font-size: var(--font-size-base);
    font-weight: 400;
    line-height: 1.6;
    color: var(--text-color);
    background-color: var(--bg-color);
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    transition:
        background-color 0.2s ease,
        color 0.2s ease;
}

code {
    direction: ltr;
    margin: auto 2px;
    padding: 0.2em 0.4em;
    font-size: 80%;
    line-height: 1.5;
    background: var(--code-bg);
    border-radius: 6px;
    font-family: menlo, Consolas, ui-monospace, monospace;
}

pre code {
    display: block;
    margin: auto 0;
    color: rgb(213, 213, 214);
    background: var(--hljs-bg) !important;
    border-radius: var(--radius);
    overflow-x: auto;
    word-break: break-all;
}

h1:hover .anchor,
h2:hover .anchor,
h3:hover .anchor,
h4:hover .anchor,
h5:hover .anchor,
h6:hover .anchor {
    display: inline-flex;
    color: var(--text-color);
    margin-inline-start: 8px;
    font-weight: 500;
    user-select: none;
    opacity: 0.5;
}

a {
    color: inherit;
    text-decoration: underline;
    text-decoration-thickness: 1.5px;
    text-underline-offset: 2px;
}

a code {
    margin: auto 0;
}

a:hover code {
    text-decoration: underline;
}

ul {
    padding-left: 20px;
}

li {
    margin-bottom: 0.8em;
}

strong {
    font-weight: 600;
}

p.intro {
    margin-top: 0.5em;
}

/* Layout */
.content-wrapper,
header > div {
    max-width: var(--content-max-width);
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
    padding: var(--content-padding);
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

@media (min-width: 1076px) {
    body.has-toc .content-wrapper,
    body.has-toc header > div {
        max-width: var(--content-max-width);
        padding-left: 20px;
        padding-right: 20px;
        margin-left: auto;
        margin-right: auto;
    }

    .toc-container {
        left: calc(50% - (var(--content-max-width) / 2) - 270px);
    }
}

/* Header Styles */
header {
    background-color: var(--bg-color);
    padding-bottom: 10px;
    margin-top: 20px;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    transition: background-color 0.2s;
}

header > div {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    position: relative;
    min-height: 44px; /* Add this */
}

header h1,
header h1 a {
    font-family: "Newsreader", serif;
    font-weight: 800;
    font-size: 1.2em;
    line-height: 44px;
    margin: 0;
    white-space: nowrap;
    overflow: hidden;
    text-overflow: ellipsis;
    width: 250px;
    padding-top: 2px;
}

header h1 a {
    text-decoration: none;
    color: inherit;
}

header h1 a:hover {
    text-decoration: none;
}

p a:hover {
    opacity: 0.7;
}

/* Header Controls */
.header-controls {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 12px;
    opacity: 0;
    pointer-events: none;
    transition: opacity 0.2s ease;
}

html.js-loaded .header-controls {
    opacity: 1;
    pointer-events: auto;
}

/* Remove toggle switch styles and add theme icon styles */
.theme-icon {
    font-size: 2rem;
    background: none;
    border: none;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: transform 0.5s ease-in-out;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    color: var(--text-color);
    padding: 0 8px;
    transform-origin: 50% 50%;
}
.theme-icon:hover {
    transition: transform 4s ease-in-out;
    transform: rotate(360deg);
}
/* No focus outline */
.theme-icon:focus {
    outline: none;
}

/* Typography */
h1,
h2,
h3,
.author-date,
.mobile-toc-link,
.toc-container h2 {
    font-family: "Newsreader", serif;
    font-weight: 400;
    line-height: 1.2;
}

h1 {
    font-size: 3em;
    margin-top: 1em;
    margin-bottom: 0em;
    font-weight: 800;
    line-height: 1.1;
    letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}

h1.smaller {
    font-size: 2em;
}

h2 {
    font-size: 1.6em;
    margin-top: 1em;
    margin-bottom: 0.5em;
    font-weight: 700;
}

h3 {
    font-size: 1.2em;
    margin-top: 1em;
    margin-bottom: 0.5em;
    font-weight: 700;
}

h4 {
    font-size: 1.1em;
    margin-top: 0.5em;
    margin-bottom: 0.5em;
    font-weight: 500;
    font-style: italic;
}

center {
    margin-top: 0.5em;
}

/* Mobile Typography */
@media (max-width: 1076px) {
    h1 {
        font-size: 2.4em;
    }

    h2 {
        font-size: 1.6em;
    }

    h3 {
        font-size: 1.2em;
    }
}

.author-date {
    font-weight: 400;
    font-size: 0.9em;
    color: #767676;
    margin-top: 2em;
    margin-bottom: 0em;
    line-height: 1.4;
}

.mobile-toc-link,
.toc-container h2 {
    font-size: 1.2em;
    padding: 130px 20px 30px;
    font-weight: 600;
}

hr {
    border: none;
}
hr:after {
    content: "\2042";
    display: block;
    font-family: serif;
    font-weight: 200;
    font-size: 1.5em;
    margin: 1em auto;
    text-align: center;
}

@media (min-width: 1400px) {
    .content-wrapper,
    header > div {
        max-width: var(--content-max-width);
    }
}

/* Footnote Styles */
.footnotes {
    margin-top: 25px;
}

.footnotes-list {
    list-style-type: none;
    padding-left: 0;
    counter-reset: footnote;
}

.footnote-item {
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    position: relative;
    padding-left: 0;
    display: block;
}

.footnote-item p sup[id^="fnref"] {
    vertical-align: super;
    font-size: 0.75em;
    line-height: 0;
}

.footnote-item sup {
    margin-right: 4px;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    font-size: 14px;
    font-weight: 500;
}

sup[id^="fnref"] a {
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 12px;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: inherit;
    padding: 3px 3px 1px;
    margin: 0 2px;
    border-radius: 4px;
    background-color: var(--footnote-bg-color);
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
}

sup[id^="fnref"] a:hover,
sup[id^="fnref"] a:focus {
    background-color: var(--footnote-hover-bg-color);
}

.footnote-backref {
    text-decoration: none;
    color: inherit;
    font-size: 0.75em;
    vertical-align: middle;
    line-height: 0;
    margin-left: 2px;
}

.footnote-backref:hover {
    text-decoration: underline;
}

.footnote-tooltip {
    position: absolute;
    background-color: var(--tooltip-bg-color);
    color: var(--tooltip-text-color);
    padding: 20px;
    border-radius: 4px;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px var(--tooltip-shadow-color);
    max-width: 400px;
    z-index: 1000;
    font-size: 17px;
    line-height: 1.5;
    pointer-events: auto;
}

.footnote-tooltip p {
    margin: 0 0 8px 0;
    display: block;
    align-items: flex-start;
}

.footnote-tooltip p:last-child {
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.footnote-tooltip sup {
    margin-right: 4px;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.footnote-tooltip a {
    color: inherit;
    text-decoration: underline;
}

/* Footer Styles */
footer {
    margin-top: 0px;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    padding: 20px 0;
    background-color: var(--bg-color);
    transition: background-color 0.2s ease;
}

.back-to-top {
    text-align: center;
    cursor: pointer;
    font-weight: 400;
    color: var(--text-color);
    text-decoration: underline;
}

.footer-content {
    font-size: 0.8em;
    text-align: center;
    color: var(--text-color);
    opacity: 0.7;
}

.privacy-policy-link {
    text-align: center;
    margin-top: 10px;
    font-size: 0.8em;
}

.privacy-policy-link a {
    color: var(--text-color);
    text-decoration: none;
    opacity: 0.7;
    transition: opacity 0.2s ease;
}

.privacy-policy-link a:hover {
    text-decoration: underline;
    opacity: 1;
}

/* Subscribe Form Styles */
.subscribe-form-container {
    margin-top: 20px;
    max-width: 400px;
    box-sizing: border-box;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
}

.subscribe-form {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    width: 100%;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.subscribe-form .email-input {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 10px;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    border: 2px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: 4px;
    font-size: var(--font-size-base);
    background-color: var(--bg-color);
    color: var(--subscribe-form-text);
    box-sizing: border-box;
    font-family: inherit;
}

.subscribe-form .submit-button {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 10px 10px;
    background-color: var(--subscribe-button-bg);
    color: var(--subscribe-button-text);
    border: none;
    border-radius: 4px;
    font-size: var(--font-size-base);
    font-weight: 400;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: opacity 0.2s ease;
    font-family: inherit;
}

.subscribe-form .submit-button:hover {
    opacity: 0.85;
}

#formMessage {
    text-align: center;
    margin-top: 10px;
    font-weight: 400;
    font-style: italic;
    width: 100%;
}

.content-wrapper img {
    max-width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    display: block;
    margin: 1em auto;
}

/* Sticky footer layout */
html,
body {
    height: 100%;
}
body {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    min-height: 100vh;
}
main.content-wrapper {
    flex: 1 0 auto;
}
footer {
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

details {
    padding: 0.5em 0em;
    margin: 1.5em 0;
    border-radius: 4px;
    position: relative;
    transition: border-color 0.2s;
    overflow: hidden;
    background: none;
}
details > summary {
    cursor: pointer;
    font-weight: 600;
    outline: none;
    list-style: none;
    position: relative;
    transition: color 0.2s;
    background: none;
}
details > summary::-webkit-details-marker {
    display: none;
}
details > summary:before {
    content: "▶";
    display: inline-block;
    margin-right: 0.5em;
    transition: transform 0.2s;
}
details[open] > summary:before {
    transform: rotate(90deg);
}
details > .details-content {
    border-left: 4px solid transparent;
    opacity: 0;
    max-height: 0;
    transition:
        opacity 0.2s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1),
        max-height 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1),
        border-color 0.2s;
    will-change: opacity, max-height, border-color;
    position: relative;
    padding-left: 0.1em;
}
details[open] > .details-content {
    margin: 1em;
    border-left: 4px solid var(--accent-color);
    padding-left: 1em;
    opacity: 1;
    max-height: 1000px;
    transition:
        opacity 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1),
        max-height 0.5s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1),
        border-color 0.2s;
}